Contesting Social Norms: The Transformation of Elopement Perception in Chitral

Women Elopement

Abstract

Elopement has traditionally been regarded as a violation of family honor and social norms in many conservative societies, including Chitral, Pakistan. However, recent social and cultural transformations have challenged these long-standing perceptions, particularly among younger generations. This study explores the changing community perceptions of elopement in Upper Chitral and identifies the factors contributing to its growing acceptance. A descriptive qualitative research design was employed, with data collected through three gender-inclusive focus group discussions involving 17 purposively selected community elders aged 50 years and above. The discussions were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using Braun and Clarke’s six-step thematic analysis framework. The findings reveal four interrelated themes. The study demonstrates that elopement is increasingly viewed by younger generations as an expression of personal autonomy and romantic choice rather than a source of social disgrace. The study concludes that Chitral is undergoing a gradual but uneven transformation in marital norms, reflecting broader tensions between collective cultural traditions and individual autonomy. These findings contribute to sociological debates on changing family institutions, gender relations, and the impact of modernization in culturally conservative communities, while offering insights for future research on marriage practices and social change in similar contexts.